by What are Bronchospasms?
Bronchial Spasm refer to the involuntary contraction or tightening of the muscles in the bronchial tubes, which are the main airways that carry air in and out of the lungs. When the muscles around the bronchial tubes go into spasm, it causes a narrowing or constriction of the airways and makes breathing difficult.
Causes of Bronchospasms
Asthma
One of the most common causes of bronchospasms is asthma. Asthma is a chronic lung disease that causes inflammation and tightening of the bronchial tubes. During an asthma attack, the muscles in the bronchial tubes contract, leading to spasms and restricted airflow.
Allergies
Allergies to things like pollen, dust mites, mold, and pet dander can also trigger bronchospasms. When the body encounters an allergen, it releases chemicals such as histamine that cause the airways to constrict.
Smoking
Tobacco smoke irritates and inflames the lining of the bronchial tubes. This makes the muscles more sensitive and prone to spasms. Smoking, as well as exposure to secondhand smoke, is a significant risk factor for bronchospasms.
Viral Infections
Respiratory infections from viruses like cold, flu and COVID-19 often lead to bronchospasms by irritating the lining of the airways. Post-viral bronchial hyperreactivity means the airways remain easily irritable even after the infection clears up.
Air Pollution
Inhaling air pollutants, such as vehicle exhaust fumes, smoke from burning wood or coal, and industrial emissions, can aggravate Bronchial Spasm in susceptible individuals. The polluted air acts as an irritant to the airways.
Occupational Exposures
Certain workplace exposures to dusts, fumes, chemicals or gases may trigger bronchospasms in sensitized people. These include inhaling isocyanates in spray painting or plastics production.
Stress and Emotions
Strong feelings like anxiety, anger, fear or sadness have been shown to cause bronchospasm in people with asthma or bronchial hyperactivity. Stress releases adrenaline which constricts the smooth muscles.
Food Allergies/Intolerances
Some people may experience Bronchial Spasm after eating certain foods that they are allergic to or intolerant of, such as dairy, eggs, peanuts or shellfish.
Symptoms of Bronchospasms
– Chest tightness or a feeling of pressure on the chest
– Wheezing or whistling sound when breathing out
– Shortness of breath that makes it difficult to take a deep breath
– Coughing, especially at night or early morning
– Rapid breathing
– Feeling of not being able to get enough air into the lungs
– Tiredness, lightheadedness or fainting due to low oxygen levels
– Bluish discoloration of the lips and fingernails
– Increased heart rate
– Sweating or feeling clammy
– Anxiety or fear of not being able to breathe properly
Diagnosis and Treatment of Bronchial Spasm
A doctor will diagnose Bronchial Spasm based on the medical history, symptoms, and physical examination of the patient. Additional tests like spirometry, chest X-ray or CT scan may be done to rule out other lung conditions. The diagnosis can be confirmed if the patient’s symptoms improve after using a bronchodilator inhaler that relaxes the airways.
The treatment involves identifying and avoiding any triggers, using bronchodilator medications, anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunotherapy. Short-acting bronchodilators help relax the tightened bronchial muscles during an acute attack, while long-term control therapy prevents frequent episodes. Managing stress, stopping smoking, allergen control measures, and vaccination are also part of the treatment plan. Emergency self-management with oxygen therapy may be required in some severe cases. The goal is to achieve optimal lung function and prevent exacerbations.
*Note:
1. Source: Coherent Market Insights, Public sources, Desk research
2. We have leveraged AI tools to mine information and compile it
About Author - Money Singh
Money Singh is a seasoned content writer with over four years of experience in the market research sector. Her expertise spans various industries, including food and beverages, biotechnology, chemicals and materials, defense and aerospace, consumer goods, etc. LinkedIn Profile
